When is black start capability needed?
In the event of a large-scale power outage, each transmission system operator (TSO) responsible for the control area has a so-called grid restoration plan in accordance with "Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/2196 of November 24, 2017, establishing a network code on the state of emergency and restoration of the transmission system". The grid restoration plan describes how the transmission grid can be gradually energized in the event of a large-scale power outage using a grid restoration strategy. Grid restoration requires black-start capable power generation systems (black-start units) that can independently energize a predefined part of the power network without an external power supply. In addition, black start units must be able to supply power and regulate the grid frequency and voltage.
How is black start capability procured?
In the past, black start facilities were contracted by the TSOs as part of bilateral contracts with operators of black start facilities. In accordance with Section 12h EnWG, black start capability must now be procured by the TSOs as a non-frequency-bound system service in a transparent, non-discriminatory and market-based procedure. The framework conditions for the procurement procedures were announced at the beginning of 2023 with the Federal Network Agency's BK6-21-023. The basic prerequisite for participation in market-based procurement is that suppliers meet the technical and organizational requirements in accordance with BK6-18-249. The market-based procurement of black start capability is carried out region by region and staggered over time. A period of several years is planned between the time at which a provider is awarded the contract and the start of the provision period. This means that providers with existing systems that are not yet black-start capable, as well as new systems, can also participate in the tenders. The upgrading or construction of the plants by the plant operator must then be completed by the start of the provision period at the latest after the award of the contract.
Procurement schedule
The following procurement regions were formed for the procurement of black start capability (as at 01/2024):